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The sugars and the starch are what it is known as carbohydrates, that is because these are organic substances composed by carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, combined with water molecules. |
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The carbohydrates
The sugars and the starch are what it is known as carbohydrates, that is because these are organic substances composed by carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, combined with water molecules. The sugars are considered simple carbohydrates, while the starches are considered complex carbohydrates. When eaten, they turn mostly into glucose. The glucose goes into the blood and it provides the body with the energy that it needs.
In addition to that, there is a second group of complex carbohydrates constituted by cellulose, which have the same beneficial properties for the health, even when they are not assimilated by the organism
The Starches
The starches are the ones that provide the body with the same amount of energy that the sugars; the only difference is that these do it slower. The conversion process for the glucose is slower in the case of the sugars because in order for the organism to get to decompose them into monosaccharide, two enzymes have to intervene.
The Sugars
The sugars are classified into two big groups: the monosaccharide, among which are the glucose and the fructose (the component that gives the fruit the sweet taste); and the polysaccharide, among which are the sucrose, the sugar component, and the lactose, contained in the milk. As we mentioned previously, the human body assimilates the sugars faster than the starches. That is why the sugars are used as almost immediate tonic in cases of excessive tiredness or long exercise of physical activities.
The Celluloses
The celluloses are into the second group of complex carbohydrates and are polysaccharides from which are composed the vegetal fibers that are in the leguminous, integral cereals, dried fruit, vegetables and fruits. The celluloses also contribute in treatments for intestinal problems and prevent certain types of cancers.
These are very important elements in a diet, because the eating of them gives the feeling of fullness, reducing the appetite, and besides they don’t liberate calories, because they are not assimilated by the organism.
Dietetic Properties
The believe that says that the carbohydrates are synonym of obesity is really just a myth. While a gram of carbohydrate has 4 kilocalories, a gram of gat has 9 kilocalories. What has to be taken into consideration when doing a diet is the amount of calories given by the different eaten aliments. That is, bread and potatoes don’t make you gain weight by themselves, but if they are consumed of other aliments that have to many nutrition richness, it will help the determined calories of the diet to over the limit.
When maintaining a balanced diet there are some thing that are going to have to be forgotten such as sweets, cakes, cookies, bonbons and chocolates, because the sugars have high doses of fats. The massive consume of sugars can also cause dental caries and conduces to obesity.
Essential Aliment
Because in the occidental countries more economically developed is so obvious the increase of consume of products with high contents of proteins, fats and sugars, it still remains a majority of the world’s population where the main aliment is composed basically of cereals (rice, corn, accompanied of some vegetables and fruits), because of the lack of meat and sweet products. The ideal diet has to be composed, in an equilibrate proportion, by carbohydrates, proteins and fats. |
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